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Beginning from the middle of the 20th century progressive people
in the world started to realize all the bad impact on nature produced
by humans. Different organizations, governmental, international, public
were set up with aim to reduce a bad impact, restore biodiversity and
educate people in questions of environment. Representatives of foundations
and associations appear in print or on television, arrange mass meetings
of protest against actions which can damage environment. Ecology was
introduced in many countries as a subject of school curriculum. Following
measures are being taken in different countries:
organization of production of new, more modern equipment for clearing
enterprises' dumps from gases, dust and other substances
scientific research and experimental works on introducing complicated
apparatus for air and water protection
reconstruction of workshops and factories which don't have equipment
for preventing of harmful impact
laws restricting the amount of harmful substances produced by manufacturing
strict governmental control of carrying out the laws
planting of new trees to replace those been cut
releasing of special Lists of endangered species and Red Data Books,
carrying out measures of protection
Reserves
There are about 1000 large reserves and national parks in the world.
Reserves are models of wild nature less untouched by human activity.
They play a great role in reservation and restoring of rare and disappearing
species of animals, plants and ecosystems. Reserves' territories are
protected by law and all human activities as hunting, cutting trees,
agriculture are prohibited, though in some reserve territories activities
are allowed partly. Owning to reserves people managed to restore number
of species that had nearly disappeared and enlarge the distribution of
many animals and plants. The reserves are very important now when people
must analyze the changes they brought to nature and find optimal methods
of rational usage of nature resources. This can be done only in comparison
of untouched wild territories and with those experienced great changes.
So the necessity to have the models of all ecosystems is obvious. The
solution of any ecological problem is impossible without analyzing of
all the processes happening in reserved territories.
Useful
links:
Greencross International
The World Environment Center
The World Conservation Union
Greenpeace International |
